Tratamiento de mordidas cruzadas desde un enfoque no quirúrgico

revisión narrativa

Abstract

Background: Dentomaxillary anomalies (DMAs) are a highly prevalent issue in the global population, with crossbite being a progressive anomaly that, if not treated promptly, can lead to complications that are difficult to address at a later age. Its diagnosis is relatively straightforward, and early and timely treatment can yield effective results with good long-term prognosis. Some of the consequences of an untreated crossbite include temporomandibular joint disorders, functional problems, and facial growth issues.

Objective: To describe current therapies for the treatment of both unilateral and bilateral posterior crossbite in children and young adults, from mixed dentition to early permanent dentition.

Method: A narrative literature review was conducted. The following databases were used: Medline, the Electronic Library of Scientific Information, Cochrane Library, and Trip Database, using the keywords: "Malocclusion", "Crossbite", "Palatal expansion technique", "Palatal disjunction", "Rapid maxillary expansion", "Slow maxillary expansion", "Palatal expander", "Tooth borne appliance", "Bone borne appliance", and "Tooth-tissue borne appliance", along with the Boolean operators AND and OR.

Results: A total of 21 articles were retrieved, of which 4 were systematic reviews, 4 were retrospective observational studies, 5 were non-randomized clinical trials, and 8 were randomized clinical trials.

Conclusions: Transversal DMAs are extensively studied in the literature, covering diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis. However, the existing evidence is highly heterogeneous, with a large volume of studies showing methodological weaknesses, as well as high-quality evidence that can guide clinical recommendations. Therefore, it is important to exercise clinical judgment when analyzing and integrating evidence with clinical practice.